Ray Harper
Born 1900-07-26 · Debut 19y 42d · Last 24y 336d · 174cm · 39 games · St Kilda, Carlton, North Melbourne
See also: Games Played
Best |
By type |
Averages |
By opposition |
By venue
Season by Season
| Year |
Team |
# |
GM |
W-D-L |
KI |
MK |
HB |
DI |
GL |
BH |
HO |
TK |
RB |
IF |
CL |
CG |
FF |
FA |
BR |
CP |
UP |
CM |
MI |
1% |
BO |
GA |
|
1925
|
North Melbourne
|
13
|
2
|
0-0-2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1924
|
Carlton
|
17
|
2
|
0-1-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
St Kilda
|
17
|
16
|
8-0-8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1922
|
St Kilda
|
12
|
8
|
2-0-6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
St Kilda
|
29
|
9
|
3-0-6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1920
|
St Kilda
|
13
|
1
|
0-0-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1919
|
St Kilda
|
19
|
1
|
0-0-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Top
Best
Top
By Type
|
P (W-D-L) |
KI |
MK |
HB |
DI |
DA |
GL |
BH |
HO |
TK |
RB |
IF |
CL |
CG |
FF |
FA |
BR |
CP |
UP |
CM |
MI |
1% |
BO |
GA |
|
Home
|
24 (9-1-14)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Away
|
15 (4-0-11)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Finals
|
0 (0-0-0)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Top
Averages
| Type |
Team % |
Ave. For |
Ave. Agn |
Ave. Win |
Ave. Loss |
|
Home
|
91.4 (1477/1616)
|
61.5 (1477/24)
|
67.3 (1616/24)
|
19.9 (179/9)
|
-22.7 (-318/14)
|
|
Away
|
86.8 (953/1098)
|
63.5 (953/15)
|
73.2 (1098/15)
|
31.3 (125/4)
|
-24.5 (-270/11)
|
|
Finals
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Totals |
89.5 (2430/2714) |
62.3 (2430/39) |
69.6 (2714/39) |
23.4 (304/13) |
-23.5 (-588/25) |
Top
By Opposition
|
P (W-D-L) |
KI |
MK |
HB |
DI |
DA |
GL |
BH |
HO |
TK |
RB |
IF |
CL |
CG |
FF |
FA |
BR |
CP |
UP |
CM |
MI |
1% |
BO |
GA |
|
Carlton
|
5 (2-0-3)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Collingwood
|
5 (1-0-4)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Essendon
|
8 (3-1-4)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Fitzroy
|
5 (0-0-5)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Geelong
|
5 (2-0-3)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Melbourne
|
5 (2-0-3)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Richmond
|
2 (2-0-0)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
St Kilda
|
1 (0-0-1)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Sydney
|
3 (1-0-2)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Top
By Venue
|
P (W-D-L) |
KI |
MK |
HB |
DI |
DA |
GL |
BH |
HO |
TK |
RB |
IF |
CL |
CG |
FF |
FA |
BR |
CP |
UP |
CM |
MI |
1% |
BO |
GA |
|
Arden St
|
1 (0-0-1)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Brunswick St
|
1 (0-0-1)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Corio Oval
|
2 (0-0-2)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
East Melbourne
|
1 (1-0-0)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Junction Oval
|
21 (9-0-12)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Lake Oval
|
2 (0-0-2)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
M.C.G.
|
2 (1-0-1)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Princes Park
|
4 (1-1-2)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Punt Rd
|
1 (1-0-0)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Victoria Park
|
2 (0-0-2)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Windy Hill
|
2 (0-0-2)
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Top
Full Game Log
| Season |
Rnd |
Team |
Opponent |
Venue |
R |
Date |
DI |
KI |
MK |
HB |
GL |
BH |
HO |
TK |
RB |
IF |
CL |
CG |
FF |
FA |
BR |
CP |
UP |
CM |
MI |
1% |
BO |
GA |
|
1925
|
R9
|
North Melbourne
|
Carlton
|
Princes Park
|
L
|
27/06/1925 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1925
|
R8
|
North Melbourne
|
St Kilda
|
Arden St
|
L
|
20/06/1925 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1924
|
R4
|
Carlton
|
Melbourne
|
Princes Park
|
L
|
17/05/1924 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1924
|
R2
|
Carlton
|
Essendon
|
Princes Park
|
D
|
03/05/1924 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R18
|
St Kilda
|
Sydney
|
Lake Oval
|
L
|
15/09/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R16
|
St Kilda
|
Fitzroy
|
Brunswick St
|
L
|
01/09/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R15
|
St Kilda
|
Geelong
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
25/08/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R14
|
St Kilda
|
Melbourne
|
M.C.G.
|
W
|
11/08/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R13
|
St Kilda
|
Richmond
|
Junction Oval
|
W
|
04/08/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R12
|
St Kilda
|
Collingwood
|
Victoria Park
|
L
|
28/07/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R11
|
St Kilda
|
Carlton
|
Junction Oval
|
W
|
21/07/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R10
|
St Kilda
|
Essendon
|
Junction Oval
|
W
|
14/07/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R9
|
St Kilda
|
Sydney
|
Junction Oval
|
W
|
07/07/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R7
|
St Kilda
|
Fitzroy
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
16/06/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R6
|
St Kilda
|
Geelong
|
Corio Oval
|
L
|
09/06/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R5
|
St Kilda
|
Melbourne
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
02/06/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R4
|
St Kilda
|
Richmond
|
Punt Rd
|
W
|
26/05/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R3
|
St Kilda
|
Collingwood
|
Junction Oval
|
W
|
19/05/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R2
|
St Kilda
|
Carlton
|
Princes Park
|
W
|
12/05/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1923
|
R1
|
St Kilda
|
Essendon
|
Windy Hill
|
L
|
05/05/1923 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1922
|
R17
|
St Kilda
|
Geelong
|
Junction Oval
|
W
|
09/09/1922 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1922
|
R16
|
St Kilda
|
Essendon
|
Windy Hill
|
L
|
02/09/1922 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1922
|
R15
|
St Kilda
|
Carlton
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
26/08/1922 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1922
|
R14
|
St Kilda
|
Collingwood
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
19/08/1922 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1922
|
R12
|
St Kilda
|
Melbourne
|
M.C.G.
|
L
|
29/07/1922 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1922
|
R7
|
St Kilda
|
Essendon
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
17/06/1922 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1922
|
R3
|
St Kilda
|
Melbourne
|
Junction Oval
|
W
|
20/05/1922 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1922
|
R1
|
St Kilda
|
Fitzroy
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
06/05/1922 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
R18
|
St Kilda
|
Essendon
|
Junction Oval
|
W
|
17/09/1921 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
R16
|
St Kilda
|
Collingwood
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
03/09/1921 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
R15
|
St Kilda
|
Geelong
|
Junction Oval
|
W
|
27/08/1921 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
R12
|
St Kilda
|
Carlton
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
23/07/1921 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
R11
|
St Kilda
|
Fitzroy
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
16/07/1921 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
R10
|
St Kilda
|
Sydney
|
Lake Oval
|
L
|
09/07/1921 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
R9
|
St Kilda
|
Essendon
|
East Melbourne
|
W
|
02/07/1921 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
R7
|
St Kilda
|
Collingwood
|
Victoria Park
|
L
|
18/06/1921 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1921
|
R6
|
St Kilda
|
Geelong
|
Corio Oval
|
L
|
11/06/1921 2:45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1920
|
R5
|
St Kilda
|
Essendon
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
26/05/1920 3:00
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
1919
|
R17
|
St Kilda
|
Fitzroy
|
Junction Oval
|
L
|
06/09/1919 2:10
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Top
#=Jumper, GM=Games played, W-D-L=Wins-Draws-Losses, P (W-D-L)=Played (Wins-Draws-Losses), DI=Disposals, DA=Disposal average, KI=Kicks, MK=Marks, HB=Handballs, GL=Goals, BH=Behinds, HO=Hit outs, TK=Tackles, RB=Rebound 50s, IF=Inside 50s, CL=Clearances, CG=Clangers, FF=Free kicks for, FA=Free kicks against, BR=Brownlow votes, CP=Contested possessions, UP=Uncontested possessions, CM=Contested marks, MI=Marks inside 50, 1%=One percenters, BO=Bounces, GA=Goal assist